@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&family=Raleway:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&family=Roboto:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&family=Merriweather:ital,opsz,wght@0,18..144,300..900;1,18..144,300..900&display=swap');
@font-face {
  font-family: 'Bree Serif';
  src: url('../fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf') format('opentype');
  font-weight: 700;
  font-style: normal;
}
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box
}

@-ms-viewport {
    width: device-width
}

:root {
      --theme: #1c1c1c;
  --theme-hover: #16367d;
  --accent: #ca2015;
  --highlight: #ffb74d;
  --background-light: #f5f7fb;
  --text-primary: #1c1c1c;
  --text-muted: #444444;
  --border-color: #dddddd;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
    background-color: #ffffff;
    min-height: 100vh;
    padding-top: 125px;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1300px;
  width: 90%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: 10px;
  padding-right: 10px;
}

.maintenance-slider {
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  background: var(--light-theme-color);
  color: #1c1c1c;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 50px 10px 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 14px;
}

h3 {
    margin: 0
}

a {
    text-decoration: none
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto
}

.wrapper .top_nav .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    max-width: 1300px;
    width: 90%;
    margin: 0 auto
}

.wrapper .top_nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 65px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d7d7d7;
    background: #fff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    top: 0;
    transition: top 0.3s ease-in-out;
    z-index: 1000;
}

/* BOTTOM NAV: Fixed, shifts up when top_nav is hidden */
.wrapper .bottom_nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 65px; /* starts below top_nav */
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 60px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d7d7d7;
    background-color: #fff;
    z-index: 999;
    transition: top 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

.wrapper .bottom_nav .container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    width: 90%;
    margin: 0 auto
}

  .wrapper li{
    list-style-type: none;  
}
  
  .wrapper .left{
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .wrapper .left .logo{
    width: 24rem;
  }

  .header-logo {
    width: 25rem;
  }

.header-logo a {
  font-size: 40px;
  color: #1c1c1c;
  font-family: 'Bree Serif', sans-serif;
}
.header-logo span {
  color: #ca2015;
}

  .header-search {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.header-search form {
  display: flex;
  border: 2px solid #1c1c1c;
  border-radius: 50px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  height: 40px;
}

.header-search input[type="text"] {
  border: none;
  padding: 0 14px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  width: 200px;
  outline: none;
  font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
  color: #1c1c1c;
}

.header-search input::placeholder {
  color: #777;
}

.header-search button {
  background-color: #1c1c1c;
  border: none;
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.header-search button i {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #ffffff;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.header-search button:hover {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 2px solid #1c1c1c;
}

.header-search button:hover i {
  color: #1c1c1c;
}

  .wrapper .left .logo p{
    font-size: 1.32rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--second-text-theme);
    margin-right: 25px;
    font-family: "Merriweather", sans-serif;
  }

  .wrapper .left .logo a{
    color: #1c1c1c;
  }  
  
  .wrapper .left .logo a:hover{
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 6px;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1.5px;
  }
  
  .wrapper .top_nav .right ul{
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
  }
  
  .wrapper .top_nav .right ul li a{
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 4px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;    
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: var(--text-theme);
  }

  .wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: var(--second-text-themetheme);
  }
  
.wrapper .bottom_nav .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between; /* centers horizontally */
    align-items: center;     /* centers vertically */
    height: 60px;
    max-width: 1300px;
    width: 90%;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li {
    list-style: none;
}

.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li a {
    color: #1c1c1c;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li a.active {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: #fff;
}
  
  .wrapper .banner img{
    width: 100%;
    height: 400px;
  }

  .top_nav .left img{
    height: 40%;
    width: 40%;
  }

.journal-mega-dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  width: 100vw;
  padding: 0 60px; /* initially no vertical padding */
  background: #000;
  z-index: 999;
  border-top: 2px solid #ca2015;

  max-height: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: max-height 0.4s ease, opacity 0.3s ease, padding 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-mega-dropdown.visible {
  max-height: 500px; /* large enough to accommodate full content */
  opacity: 1;
  padding: 40px 60px;
}

.journal-mega-inner {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 80px;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.journal-item {
  text-align: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.journal-item img {
  width: 120px;
  height: 160px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.vertical-divider-lg {
  width: 2px;
  height: 180px;
  background-color: #444;
}

.footer-sunset-fixed {
  background-color: #1c1c1c;
  background-size: cover;
  color: #fff;
  padding-top: 50px;   /* pushes content down into black zone */
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  position: relative;
}

.footer-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 100px;
  width: 100%;
  padding-bottom: 40px;
  text-align: left;
}

.brand {
  font-size: 40px;
  font-family: 'Bree Serif', sans-serif;
}
.brand span {
  color: #ffb74d;
}

.footer-grid h4 {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #ffd27f;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.footer-grid p {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #ddd;
}
.footer-grid ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
}
.footer-grid ul li {
  margin: 6px 0;
}
.footer-grid ul li a {
  color: #eee;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.footer-grid ul li a:hover {
  color: #fff;
}

.socials {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.socials img {
  color: #fff;
  width: 24px;
  filter: brightness(0.8);
  transition: 0.3s ease;
}
.socials img:hover {
  filter: brightness(1.3);
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

.follow-tagline {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #bbb;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.footer-bottom-strip {
  text-align: center;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  padding-top: 20px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: #aaa;
}
.footer-links {
  margin: 10px 0;
}
.footer-links a {
  color: #aaa;
  margin: 0 5px;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.footer-links a:hover {
  color: #fff;
}
.powered-by {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: #777;
}

 .social-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
  }
  
  .social-icons .social-icon {
       display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: #1c1c1c;
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    background-color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  }
  
  .social-icon svg {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    fill: currentColor;
  }

  /* ========== GLOBAL BREAKPOINTS ========== */
  @media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .collections1 {
      flex-direction: column;
      text-align: center;
    }
  
    .collections1 img {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
    }
  
    .journal-txt {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
    }
  
    .journal-metrics-strip {
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 20px;
    }
  
    .vertical-divider {
      display: none;
    }
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journal-txt h2,
    .journal-txt .p1,
    .journal-txt .p2 {
      margin-left: 20px;
      margin-right: 20px;
    }
      .wrapper .left .logo a{
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }  
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 480px) {
    html, body {
      max-width: 100%;
      overflow-x: hidden;
    }
  
.wrapper .bottom_nav .right {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
}

.mobile-menu {
  display: none !important;
}

  
    .mobile-menu.active {
      display: block;
    }
  
    .mobile-menu ul {
      list-style: none;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 10px 0;
    }
  
    .mobile-menu ul li {
      padding: 10px 16px;
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 249, 249, 0.3);
    }
  
    .mobile-menu ul li a {
      color: #fff;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: block;
      width: 100%;
      font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
  
    .hamburger {
      display: block;
      font-size: 1.4rem;
      color: #fff;
      cursor: pointer;
      margin: 0;
    }
      .wrapper .top_nav {
          position: static !important;
          height: auto;
          padding: 6px 0;
          top: unset;
          z-index: 10; /* Optional: maintain stacking context */
      }    
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .container {
          flex-direction: column;
          align-items: flex-start;
          padding: 6px 10px;
        }
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .left,
        .wrapper .top_nav .right {
          width: 100%;
        }
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .left .logo p {
          margin: 0;
          white-space: nowrap;
        }
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .right ul {
          display: flex;
          flex-wrap: wrap;
          gap: 8px;
          padding: 0;
          margin: 8px 0 0 0;
          justify-content: flex-start;
        }
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .right ul li {
          flex: 1 1 auto;
          word-break: break-word;
        }
      
        .wrapper .top_nav .right ul li a {
          font-size: 0.75rem;
          padding: 5px 8px;
          display: inline-block;
          word-break: break-word;
          white-space: normal;
        }
      
        /* BOTTOM NAV FIXES */
        .wrapper .bottom_nav {
          all: unset; /* kill all inherited styles */
          display: block;
          width: 100%;
          background: var(--theme);
          padding: 10px 0;
          margin: 0 auto;
          position: static !important;        
          z-index: 10;
        }
        
        .wrapper .bottom_nav .container {
          all: unset;
          display: block;
          width: 100%;
          padding: 0 16px;
        }
  
        .wrapper .logo{
          margin: 0;
        }
  
        .wrapper .bottom_nav .container {
          all: unset;
        }
  
        .wrapper .bottom_nav .left {
          display: flex;
          align-items: center;
          justify-content: space-between;
          width: 100%;
          padding: 0 25px; /* gives consistent space on both sides */
        }
        
.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center; /* Center horizontally */
  align-items: center;     /* Center vertically */
  gap: 10px;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  width: 100%;
}
        
.wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li {
  flex: 1 1 48%;
  text-align: center;
}
        
        .wrapper .bottom_nav .right ul li a {
          display: inline-block;
          color: #fff;
          font-size: 0.8rem;
          padding: 6px 8px;
          white-space: normal;
          word-break: break-word;
        }
  
        body {
          padding-top: 0 !important;
          margin-top: 0 !important;
        }
      
        
        .collections1 {
          margin-top: 10px !important; /* ensure no hidden content */
        }
  
    .allarticles,
    .alleditors,
    .allvolumes {
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
    }

    .footer-container {
      flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    }

       /* Footer Top Panel Adjustments */
  .footer-top-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0 16px;
  }

  .footer-top-left,
  .footer-top-right {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .footer-top-left h4,
  .footer-top-left p,
  .footer-top-right p {
    text-align: center !important;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .footer-top-right a {
    display: inline-block;
    word-break: break-word;
  }

  /* Copyright Centering */
  .copyright p {
    text-align: center;
  }
  
    .social-icons {
      justify-content: center;
      margin-top: 15px;
    }
    
    .tooltip {
      position: relative;
      display: inline-block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
  
    .tooltip .tooltiptext {
      visibility: hidden;
      opacity: 0;
      width: 260px;
      background-color: #ffffff;
      color: #1c1c1c;
      text-align: left;
      padding: 10px 14px;
      border: 3px solid #ccc;
      border-top: 5px solid var(--theme);
      position: absolute;
      z-index: 9999;
      top: 50%;
      left: auto;
      right: 100%; /* Tooltip appears to the left of the icon */
      transform: translateY(-50%);
      white-space: normal;
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
      border-radius: 0;
      margin-right: 10px;
    }
  
    .tooltip:hover .tooltiptext {
      visibility: visible;
      opacity: 1;
    }
  
    /* Tooltip arrow on the right (pointing at the icon) */
    .tooltip .tooltiptext::after {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      left: 100%; /* Place arrow on the right edge of the tooltip */
      margin-top: -5px;
      border-width: 5px;
      border-style: solid;
      border-color: transparent transparent transparent #ccc;
    }
    
    .footer-grid {
      gap: 40px;
      text-align: center;
    }
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
.journal-mega-dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  width: 100vw;
  background-color: #000;
  padding: 20px;
  border-top: 2px solid #ca2015;
  z-index: 999;
  transition: max-height 0.4s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
}

  .journal-mega-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 30px;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .journal-item img {
    width: 90px;
    height: auto;
  }

  .vertical-divider-lg {
    display: none;
  }

  .journal-item {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
  }
  
  .wrapper .bottom_nav {
      position: relative !important;
      top: unset !important;
  }
  
  .journal-mega-dropdown.visible::before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: -1;
  }
}