:root {
  --theme: #1c1c1c;
  --theme-hover: #16367d;
  --accent: #ca2015;
  --highlight: #ffb74d;
  --background-light: #f5f7fb;
  --text-primary: #1c1c1c;
  --text-muted: #444444;
  --border-color: #dddddd;

  --line-height-base: 1.6;
  --line-height-tight: 1.3;

  --radius: 6px;
  --shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box
}

h3 {
  margin: 0
}

a {
  text-decoration: none
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto
}

.common-container {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  justify-content: center;
}

.coming_soon {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
}

.search-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: left;
  justify-content: left;
  gap: 16px;
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  margin-top: 10px;
  padding: 24px 16px;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  border-left: 6px solid #ca2015;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.search-filters a#clearFilters {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: background 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

.common-column {
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.common-left, .article-right {
  width: 25%;
}

.common-middle {
  flex: 1;
}

.submission-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  padding: 10px;
}

.submission-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-theme); /* You already have text color variables */
  font-weight: 400;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.submission-links a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--theme); /* Optional: can stay same or darken slightly */
}

/* Expandable subsection (Preparing your manuscript) */
.submission-section {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.submission-section-toggle {
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-theme);
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.submission-section-toggle:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.submission-sublist {
  display: none; /* Hide by default */
  flex-direction: column;
  padding-left: 15px;
  margin-top: 5px;
}

.submission-sublist a {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* When active (visible) */
.submission-sublist.active {
  display: flex;
}

/* Arrow styling for dropdown */
.toggle-arrow {
  margin-right: 5px;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.toggle-arrow.open {
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}

.common-main-title {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd;
  padding-bottom: 5px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.common {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.common a{
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--dark-theme);
}

.common h4 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.common h5 {
  font-size: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.common p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-theme);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.sidebar-links {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  color: var(--text-theme);
}

.sidebar-links a{
  color: var(--text-dark-theme);
}

.sidebar-links a:hover{
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--dark-theme);
}

.sidebar-links p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-theme);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.view-profile {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-left: 5px;
  color: var(--theme);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.view-profile i {
  margin-right: 5px;
}

.view-profile:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.articles-tabs {
  display: flex;
  gap: 15px;
  margin: 10px 0;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.articles-tabs .tab {
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #444;
}

.articles-tabs .tab.active {
  color: var(--dark-theme);
}

.article-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 0;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.article-list li {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  padding: 15px;
}

.article-list li a {
  color: #000000;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.article-list li a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--dark-theme);
}

.articles-tabs span.active {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--dark-theme);
}

.metrics-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap; /* Responsive */
  gap: 20px; /* Space between the three blocks */
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.metric-section {
  flex: 1; /* Each block takes equal space */
  min-width: 250px; /* Adjust width if needed for mobile */
  background-color: transparent; /* Light background (optional) */
  padding: 15px;
  border-right: 1px solid #ddd; /* Vertical line between blocks */
}

.metric-section:last-child {
  border-right: none; /* Remove right border for last block */
}

.metric-section p {
  margin: 5px 0;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .common-container {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .common-column {
    width: 100% !important;
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
  }

  .articles-tabs {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .common-main-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 20px;
  }
}

.allarticles {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
margin: 0 auto;
gap: 30px;
}

.featured-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.featured-science-box {
  flex: 3;
  height: 20rem; /* Increased height for the T-cell image */
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  position: relative;
  color: #fff;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
}

.featured-overlay {
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7), transparent);
  padding: 30px;
  width: 100%;
}

.featured-overlay h6 {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: #ececec;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.featured-overlay h2 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.featured-overlay .author,
.featured-overlay .summary {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

/* Responsive stacking on small screens */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .featured-row {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

.articles {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: space-between; /* Ensures space is distributed */
height: 100%; /* Allow all boxes to be equal height */
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.ArticleMeta {
margin-top: auto; /* Pushes it to bottom */
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #1c1c1c;
word-break: break-word;
}

.ArticleMeta .p4 {
color: var(--theme);
text-decoration: underline;
}

.article-content {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: space-between;
}

.ArticleUpper {
width: 100%;
}

.ArticleUpper h5 {
color: #1c1c1c;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.7rem;
margin-bottom: 6px;
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.article_type {
  color: #ca2015;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.articles .p {
font-size: 0.95rem;
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-weight: 600;
line-height: 1.4;
color: #1c1c1c;
}

.articles .p:hover{
text-decoration: underline;
}

.articles .p1 {
font-size: 0.625rem;
color: #1c1c1c;
text-transform: uppercase;
line-height: 1rem;
}

.articles .hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
margin: 10px 0;
}

.articles a:link,
.articles a:active,
.articles a:visited,
.articles a:hover {
  color: #000;
  background-color: transparent;
  text-decoration: none
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
.articles {
  flex-direction: column;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.article-content {
  padding: 16px;
}
}

    .news-section {
      padding-bottom: 30px;
    }

    .white-box {
      background-color: #1c1c1c;
      padding: 30px;
      position: relative;
      z-index: 10;
    }

    .header {
      font-weight: bold;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;
      padding-bottom: 8px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      color: #fff;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

    .popular-header {
      font-weight: bold;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #444444;
      padding-bottom: 8px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      color: #1c1c1c;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

    .recent-news-header {
      font-weight: bold;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #444444;
      padding-bottom: 8px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      color: #1c1c1c;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

    .news-main-container {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
      gap: 20px;
    }

    .news-main-container .featured-science-box {
      height: 26rem; /* Increased height for the T-cell image */
      width: 50rem;
    }

    .featured-news {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: row;
    }

    .card img {
      transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    }
    .card:hover img {
      transform: scale(1.05);
    }

    .card {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: row;
      gap: 8px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
      padding-bottom: 10px;
    }

    .news-text {
      flex-direction: column;
      padding-left: 10px;
      margin-top: 8px;
    }

    .news-text .article_type {
      color: #ca2015;
      font-weight: 600;
    }

    .card img {
      margin-top: 8px;
      height: 120px;
      object-fit: cover;
    }

    .date {
      font-size: 12px;
      color: #1c1c1c;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

    .title {
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: bold;
      color: #1c1c1c;
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    .title:hover {
      text-decoration: underline;
    }

    .view-more {
      text-align: right;
      margin-top: 20px;
    }

    .view-more a {
      font-size: 12px;
      color: #ca2015;
      font-weight: bold;
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    .view-more a:hover {
      text-decoration: underline;
    }

.featured-news {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
}

.card-dark {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  border: none;
}

.card-dark img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 160px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease; /* Ensure transition is ON image */
  margin: 0;
}

.card-dark:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.03); /* Hover effect */
}

.card-dark .news-text {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.card-dark .date {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #ccc;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding-top: 12px;
}

.card-dark .article_type {
  color: #ffd27f;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.card-dark .title {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  line-height: 1.4;
  padding-top: 22px;
}

.card-dark .title:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: #ffd27f;
}


    @media (max-width: 900px) {
      .grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
      }
    }

    @media (max-width: 600px) {
      .grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      }
    }

/* ========== GLOBAL BREAKPOINTS ========== */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .common-container {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .common-left,
  .article-right,
  .common-middle {
    width: 100% !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .featured-row {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .featured-science-box {
    flex: none;
    height: auto;
    min-height: 250px;
  }

  .featured-overlay {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .articles {
    padding: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
  }

  .articles .p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
  }

  .articles .p1 {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
  }

  .ArticleUpper h5 {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
  }

  .article_type {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
  }

  .article-list li {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: 10px;
  }

  .journal-txt {
    height: auto;
  }

  .journal-txt h2,
  .journal-txt .p1,
  .journal-txt .p2 {
    margin-left: 15px;
    margin-right: 15px;
  }

  .journal-metrics-strip {
    padding: 15px 10px;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .metric-section {
    min-width: 150px;
    text-align: center;
    border-right: none;
  }

  .volume {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 10px auto;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .allarticles {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .articleh1 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
  }

  .articlep {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
  }

  .collections1 {
    flex-direction: column;
    margin-top: 10px !important;
  }

  .collections1 img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
  }

  .journal-txt {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
  }

  .ArticleUpper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: cover;
  }

  .article-list li {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    padding: 10px;
  }

  .article-type,
  .ArticleUpper h5 {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
  }

  .articles .p1 {
    font-size: 0.6rem;
  }

  .metric-value {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
  }

  .metric-label {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }

  .view-insights-link {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  }

  .view-insights-link::after {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
}